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Abstract
Chronic kidney disease (CKD) is a significant health concern that can progress to end-stage renal disease (ESRD) and increase the risk of mortality. Studies have shown that lower levels of total bilirubin in the blood are associated with a higher risk of developing CKD. However, the relationships between serum bilirubin levels, renal function, and liver function remain unclear, and these associations have not been thoroughly explored in Peshawar, KP.
Aim and Objective: This study aims to determine the prevalence of CKD in individuals of both genders with obstructive biliary diseases and to assess the impact of total bilirubin levels on various liver function markers. Additionally, the study seeks to analyze and compare differences in complete blood count (CBC) results and their effect on total serum bilirubin levels.
Methodology: A cross-sectional study was conducted at Abasyn University and Prime Teaching Hospital. Blood samples were collected in EDTA and gel-top tubes for the assessment of hematological and biochemical parameters.
Results: A total of 300 individuals were sampled from the Prime Teaching Hospital in Peshawar, comprising 54.3% males and 45.7% females. The study included participants from various age groups: 4.2% were 10-20 years old, 5.6% were 21-30, 13.9% were 31-40, 15.3% were 41-50, and 61.1% were over 50 years old. Age distribution by gender revealed varying proportions of males and females within each age group. The levels of hemoglobin, white blood cells, and platelets were found to be predictive of serum bilirubin (SBR) severity, as they were associated with different levels of these parameters. Distinct relationships were identified between hemoglobin (HB), total leukocyte count (TLC), platelet count (PLT), and SBR.
Conclusion: Abnormalities in several biochemical and hematological markers are associated with CKD. Regular evaluation of these markers in CKD patients is essential, as addressing these abnormalities can help reduce CKD-related morbidity and mortality.
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