Micro Needle-Mediated Drug Delivery for Diabetes Management: Recent Advances and Therapeutic Perspectives
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.31580/pjmls.v9iSpl3.3500Keywords:
Biocompatibility, Closed-loop insulin delivery, Diabetes mellitus, Glucose-responsive systems, Microneedles, Transdermal drug deliveryAbstract
Diabetes mellitus is a major health problem worldwide due to the high blood sugar levels caused by either insulin resistance or pancreatic malfunction. Microneedle technologies are being investigated as a painless alternative to conventional therapies due to problems such as patient non-adherence and adverse effects. This is a PRISMA-guided review of research on microneedle applications in the management of diabetes from 2015 to 2026. The literature search identified 1300 records, of which 90 studies were relevant. Microneedles are painless needles that prick the skin to deliver insulin and are available in many forms. The process of making microneedles was adapted to use flexible biocompatible polymers. Among the innovations are "smart" devices for automatic release of medication that are as effective as injections. Future applications could include the combination of AI with continuous glucose monitoring, but issues related to dosage and long-term safety are barriers to wider adoption.
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