Prevalence of Cervical and Upper Extremity Discomfort and Functional Limitation Related to Repetitive Head Loading Among Construction Labor
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.31580/pjmls.v9i1.3484Keywords:
Cervical discomfort, Construction labor, Functional limitation, Head loading, Upper extremityAbstract
Background: Construction laborers frequently engage in repetitive head loading activities, such as carrying heavy materials like bricks, cement, and sand on their heads. This occupational practice places significant mechanical stress on the cervical spine and upper extremities, potentially leading to chronic musculoskeletal discomfort and functional impairment. Despite the high prevalence of this practice in developing countries like Pakistan, limited research has been conducted on its associated health consequences among construction workers.
Objective: To determine the prevalence of cervical and upper extremity discomfort and functional limitation associated with repetitive head loading among construction laborers.
Methodology: A descriptive cross-sectional study was conducted in the general population of Jalal Pur Jattan city from May to August 2023. Male Pakistani nationals aged 20-35 years were included in the study. A pretested Nordic questionnaire was used to collect information regarding cervical and upper extremity discomfort as well as functional limitation related to head loading. All participant queries regarding the questionnaire were addressed prior to data collection.
Results: Among the participants, 156 (42.16%) reported experiencing neck pain during the last 12 months, while 214 (57.8%) reported trouble in the neck during the same period. Additionally, 68 (18.4%) experienced neck trouble within the last 7 days. Regarding shoulder discomfort, 149 (40.3%) reported shoulder pain during the last 12 months, 217 (58.6%) reported trouble in the shoulder during the last 12 months, and 87 (23.5%) experienced shoulder trouble within the last 7 days.
Conclusion: The study concludes that there is a high prevalence of cervical and upper extremity discomfort and functional limitation associated with repetitive head loading among construction laborers. The findings indicate that laborers who frequently lift heavy objects on their heads commonly experience cervical issues, neck pain, shoulder pain, elbow pain, wrist/hand pain, and upper back pain. Furthermore, these musculoskeletal issues negatively affect the range of motion in affected individuals.
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