Examining the Toxic Effects of Plant Parts of Invasive Parthenium Weed (Parthenium hysterophorus L.) against Wheat and its Weeds
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.31580/pjmls.v7isp2.3203Keywords:
Cereals, Integrated weed management, Herbicides, Parthenuim, Plant extractsAbstract
A laboratory experiment was conducted to assess the allelopathic potential of aqueous extracts from different parts of the invasive weed Parthenium hysterophorus L. on winter wheat (Triticum aestivum L.) and associated weeds (Silybum marianum, Avena fatua, and Phalaris minor). The results indicated significant inhibitory effects of all Parthenium plant parts (root, stem, and leaf aqueous extracts) on the seed germination and seedling growth of the test species compared to the distilled water/control. Among the plant part extracts, the leaf extract of Parthenium exhibited superior germination inhibition, shoot length restriction, and shoot weight reduction, while the root extract was less toxic to all test species. Furthermore, the seed germination of wheat was less suppressed by Parthenium extracts compared to the other tested species. Wheat seedling growth and weight also showed better resistance to the leaf, stem, and root extracts of Parthenium than the other species. Additionally, Phalaris minor failed to germinate against the leaf and stem extracts of Parthenium, suggesting the potential of Parthenium as a bioherbicide for controlling this problematic weed in wheat crops.
References
Nguyen TL, Navie SC, Adkins SW. The effect of parthenium weed (Parthenium hysterophorus L.) on plant diversity in pastures in Queensland, Australia. 17th Australasian weeds conference. New frontiers in New Zealand: together we can beat the weeds. Christchurch, New Zealand, 26-30 September, 2010; 138:1.
Adkins SW, Sowerby MS. Allelopathic potential of the weed, Parthenium hysterophorus L., in Australia. Plant Protection Quarterly. 1996; 11:20-3.
Jayachandra J. Parthenium weed in Mysore State and its control Current Science. 1971; 568-9.
Shabbir A, Bajwa R. Distribution of parthenium weed (Parthenium hysterophorus L.), an alien invasive weed species threatening the biodiversity of Islamabad. Weed Biology and Management. 2006; 6(2):89-95.
Rao RS. Parthenium, a new record for India. Journal of Bombay Natural History Society. 1956; 54:218-20.
Razaq ZA, Vahidy AA, Ali SI. Chromosome numbers in Compositae from Pakistan. Annals of the Missouri Botanical Garden. 1994;1:800-8.
Adkins SW, Navie SC, McFadyen RE. Control of parthenium weed (Parthenium hysterophorus L.): a Centre for Tropical Pest Management team effort. 1996:573-578.
Rgd S. Principles and procedures of statistics. A Biomedical Approach. New York, USA: McGraw Hill Book Co.1980:178–198.
Mekbib F, Kebede S, Dejene M. Prevalence and distribution of Parthenium hysterophorus L. in eastern Ethiopia. Arem (Ethiopia).1996;1: 19-26.
Oudhia P. Germination and seedling vigour of wheat as affected by allelopathy of some obnoxious weeds. Agricultural Science Digest. 2001;21(4):275-6.
Agarwal C, Anand A. Ecological Studies On Allelopathic Pote, Ntii Of Parthenium Hysterophorus L. In Relation Io Phaseolus Aureus L. And Trit-Icum Aestivum L. Wr@ rqt. 1992;12:64.
Tefera T. Allelopathic effects of Parthenium hysterophorus extracts on seed germination and seedling growth of Eragrostis tef. Journal of Agronomy and Crop Science. 2002;188(5):306-10.
Fessehaie R, Chichayibelu M, Hailegeorgis M. Spread and ecological consequences of Parthenium hysterophorus in Ethiopia. Arem (Ethiopia). 2005;6.
Chippendale JF, Panetta FD. The cost of parthenium weed to the Queensland cattle industry. Plant protection quarterly. 1994;9:73-.
Sobuj N, Byun C. A synthesis of plant invasion control: important factors to consider when choosing a control method. Écoscience. 2023;30(3-4):234-46.
Kumar MK, Kumar SA. Effect of Parthenium hysterophorus ash on growth and biomass of Phaseolus mungo. Academia Arena. 2010;2(1):98-102.
Malabadi RB, Sadiya MR, Kolkar KP, Mammadova SS, Chalannavar RK, Baijnath H. Role of Plant derived-medicine for controlling Cancer. International Journal of Science and Research Archive. 2024;11(1):2502-39.
Shikha R, Jha AK. Evaluation of effect of leaf extract of Parthenium hysterophorus L. on seed germination, seedling growth and fresh weight of Phaseolous mungo. American Journal of Research Communication. 2016;4(2):86-103.
Forcella F, Arnold RL, Sanchez R, Ghersa CM. Modeling seedling emergence. Field Crops Research. 2000;67(2):123-39.
Scrivanti LR. Allelopathic potential of Bothriochloa laguroides var. laguroides (DC.) Herter (Poaceae: Andropogoneae). Flora-Morphology, Distribution, Functional Ecology of Plants. 2010;205(5):302-5.
Maharjan S, Shrestha BB, Jha PK. Allelopathic effects of aqueous extract of leaves of Parthenium hysterophorus L. on seed germination and seedling growth of some cultivated and wild herbaceous species. Scientific world. 2007;5(5):33-9.
Tanveer A, Khaliq A, Ali HH, Mahajan G, Chauhan BS. Interference and management of parthenium: the world's most important invasive weed. Crop Protection. 2015;68:49-59.
Riaz T, Tanveer A, Javaid A. Allelopathic potential of Parthenium hysterophorus L. against wheat (Triticum aestivum L.) and its biochemical basis. Physiology and Molecular Biology of Plants. 2022;28(10):2115-2126.
Ahmed WA, Butt TB, Ihsan JA, Rehman AB. Natural occurrence of tobacco streak virus in cotton in Pakistan and screening for its resistant sources. Pakistan Journal of Botany. 2003;35:401-8.
Bhatt BP, Chauhan DS, Todaria NP. Effect of weed leachates on germination and radicle extension of some food crops. Indian Journal of Plant Physiology. 1994;37:177-.
Adres Khan AK, Khan IA, Rahamdad Khan RK, Shah Zarin SZ. Allelopathic effects of Parthenium hysterophorus L. on seed germination and growth of soybean, mung bean and maize. 2011;12: 3.
Khosla SN, Sobti SN. Effective control of Parthenium hysterophorus Linn. 1981;15: 18–19.
Nadeem M, Rani Z, Aman S, Kazmi AH, Shabbir A. Parthenium weed: a growing concern in Pakistan. Journal of Pakistan Association of Dermatologists. 2005;15(1):4-8.
Patil TM, Hegde BA. Isolation and purification of a sesquiterpene lactone from the leaves of Parthenium hysterophorus L.—its allelopathic and cytotoxic effects. Current Science. 1988;57(21):1178-81.
Downloads
Published
Issue
Section
License
Copyright (c) 2024 Pak-Euro Journal of Medical and Life Sciences
This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License.
