Neonatal Blood Gases and Outcomes Following Perinatal Asphyxia
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.31580/pjmls.v7isp2.3198Keywords:
Arterial blood gas, Nenatal outcomes, Perinatal asphyxiaAbstract
Background: Perinatal asphyxia presents a significant challenge in neonatology, contributing to high morbidity and mortality rates among neonates. Arterial blood gas (ABG) analysis is vital for assessing the condition, and providing insights into oxygenation, ventilation, and acid-base balance.
Objective: This study aimed to analyze ABG parameters in neonates diagnosed with perinatal asphyxia, evaluate their clinical outcomes, and investigate the relationship between ABG findings and neonatal health outcomes.
Methodology: A cross-sectional descriptive study was conducted at the Nursery Unit of Bacha Khan Medical Complex, Swabi, Pakistan, from April 21, 2023, to October 21, 2023. The study included 163 neonates diagnosed with perinatal asphyxia. Demographic, clinical, and ABG data were collected using a structured proforma, and data analysis was performed using SPSS version 27.
Results: Among the study population, 54.6% were female. The mean gestational age was 37.56 weeks, and the average birth weight was 2.967 kg. The mean APGAR scores at 1 minute and 5 minutes were 4.09 and 6.33, respectively. ABG analysis revealed a mean pH of 7.106, PO2 of 123.64 mmHg, PCO2 of 39.15 mmHg, and HCO3 of 11.84. Hypoxic-ischemic encephalopathy (HIE) was diagnosed in 76.7% of cases, with 62% experiencing neurological sequelae. A significant correlation was found between HIE and neonatal outcomes (p = 0.03).
Conclusion: The study underscores the importance of ABG parameters in evaluating neonates with perinatal asphyxia and their association with clinical outcomes. Understanding the relationship between ABG findings and neonatal health can guide targeted interventions, ultimately improving patient care in neonatology.
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