Medicinal Use of Plants’ Extracts Against Clinical Isolates of Methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.31580/pjmls.v7i1.2877Keywords:
Antibacterial drugs, IC50, Oxacillin, Resistant, Staphylococcus aureusAbstract
Objective: Methicillin-resistant staphylococcal infections are a global public health crisis, particularly in our region, where precise therapeutics are lacking. This research seeks effective antimicrobial drugs for methicillin-resistant S. aureus and investigates resistance patterns in clinical and asymptomatic S. aureus strains.
Methods: A total of 47 samples, including those from urine, pus, milk, nasal, and blood sources, were collected from various hospital facilities of Bahawalpur region to isolate S. aureus strains. Biochemical analysis confirmed the presence of Staphylococcus aureus in these samples. Subsequent biochemical testing revealed that 21 out of the total 47 tested samples were positive for Staphylococcus aureus. Among these, a resistance assessment demonstrated that 10 out of the 21 S. aureus isolates exhibited resistance to oxacillin. In this study, 25 medicinal plants were meticulously chosen, subjected to air drying, and subsequently extracted with Methanol. The research focused on evaluating the efficacy of these extracts of plants against oxacillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus strains. Furthermore, the micro-dilution technique established by the CLSI-2020 was employed to determine the semi-maximum inhibitory concentration (IC50) of promising the extracts of Medicinal plants.
Results: Subsequent biochemical testing revealed that 21 out of the total 47 tested samples were positive for S. aureus. Oxacilin was exhibited resistance in 10(47.6%) out of the 21 samples. Ampicillin showed resistance in all 21(100%) samples. Chloramphenicol was resistant in 4(19.04%) samples. Ciprofloxacin was resistance in a 1(4.76%) sample. Sulphamethoxazole was resistance in 5(23.80%) samples. Methanolic extracts from five medicinal plants against oxacillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus strains demonstrated diverse IC50 values (mg/ml), Punica granatum (0.499-0.530), Rubia cordifolia (0.250-0.280), Eucalyptus globulus (3.38-4.30), Lawsonia inermis (1.38-2.07), and Centratherum anthelminticum (0.946-1.20), indicating varying inhibitory efficacies with potential pharmaceutical significance. The IC50 values, indicating the concentration required for a 50% inhibition of oxacillin-resistant S. aureus strains growth, ranged from 0.250 to 4.30 mg/ml for these extracts. Conclusions: Diverse medicinal plants show promise as sources of effective antibacterial agents against multidrug-resistant S. aureus, offering valuable therapeutic prospects.
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