Poor Apgar Score of Neonates Born to the Females Presenting with Pregnancy Induced Hypertension for Delivery
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.31580/pjmls.v5i2.2576Keywords:
Apgar score, Hypertension, Neonates, PregnancyAbstract
Background: Pregnancy induced hypertension (PIH) is defined as BP ? 140/90 mmHg, taken after a period of rest on two occasions or ?160/110 mmHg on one occasion in a previously normotensive woman. One of the most important aspects is the outcome of pregnancy with PIH. Poor Apgar score is commonly observed in females with PIH. So we conducted this study to find the extent of problem in local population. Objective: To assess the frequency of poor Apgar score of neonates born to the females presenting with pregnancy induced hypertension at term (37-41 weeks) for delivery.
Study Design: Descriptive case series. Setting: Unit 4, Department of Gynecology & Obstetrics, Sir Ganga Ram Hospital, Lahore. Duration of Study: 6 months after approval of synopsis i.e. from: 09-11-2021 to 10-05-2022 Patients. Methods: 125 pregnant females with PIH were followed till delivery by researcher herself. After delivery, neonate was assessed for Apgar score at 1 & 5 minutes, if <7, then it was labeled as poor Apgar score. All this information was recorded on proforma. Statistical analysis was done using SPSS version 20.
Results: The mean age of patients was 30.50±6.22years. The mean gestational age was 39.78±1.66weeks. The mean BMI was 26.99±5.13kg/m2. There were n=59 (47.2%) male neonates while n=66 (52.8%) female neonates. The mean Apgar score at 1minute was 7.29±1.36 while at 5minutes was 7.70±1.29. Poor Apgar score was noted in n=19 (15.2%) neonates while n=106 (84.8%) neonates had normal Apgar score. Conclusion: The frequency of poor Apgar score (at 1 minute and continuously <7 at 5 minutes) was 15.2% in neonates born to females with PIH. The neonates with poor Apgar Score were admitted to NICU and were managed according to standard hospital protocol
References
Shah S, Gupta A. Hypertensive disorders of pregnancy. Cardiol Clin 2019;37(3):345-54
Umesawa M, Kobashi G. Epidemiology of hypertensive disorders in pregnancy: prevalence, risk factors, predictors and prognosis.Hypertens Res 2017;40:213-20.
Brown MA, Magee LA, Kenny LC, Karunmanchi SA, Mc Carthy FP, Saito S et al. Hypertensive disorders of pregnancy : ISSHP Classification, diagnosis and management recommendations for international practice. Hypertens 2018;72(1):24-43.
Anand S. Perinatal outcome in growth retarted babies born to normotensive and hypertensive mothers: A prospective study. People J Sci Res 2012;5(1):24-8.
Gandhi MR PS, Patel UM, Kakani C, Thakor NC, Gupta N. Perinatal outcome in pregnancy induced hypertension cases at GMERS Medical College, Dharpur-Patan, North Gujarat region, India: a prospective study. Int J Adv Med 2015;2(2):152-5.
Bangal VB, Giri PA, Mahajan AS. Maternal and foetal outcome in pregnancy induced hypertension: A study from rural tertiary care teaching hospital in India. Int J Biomed Res 2012;2(12):595-9.
Chauhan R, Sharma RS, Parashar MK, Chauhan VS. Clinical examination of hypertension in pregnancy. In: Shah MR, editor. Hypertensive disorders in pregnancy. 1st ed. New Delhi: Jaypee Brothers Medical Publishers (P) Ltd; 2007: p. 111-25.
Meshram D, Chavan Y, Kadam P, Panchal M, Ramteke D. Maternal and foetal outcomes in pregnancy induced hypertension-A hospital based study. Int J Pharm Sci Invention 2014;3(4):23-6.
Muti M, Tshimanga M, Notion GT, Bangure D, Chonzi P. Prevalence of pregnancy induced hypertension and pregnancy outcomes among women seeking maternity services in Harare, Zimbabwe. BMC Cardiovasc Disord 2015;15:111.
Chaim SRP, Oliveira SMJVd, Kimura AF. Pregnancy-induced hypertension and the neonatal outcome. Acta Paul Enfermag 2008;21(1):53-8.
Browne JL, Vissers KM, Antwi E, Srofenyoh EKL, Van der Linden EL, Agyepong IK, et al. Perinatal outcomes after hypertensive disorders in pregnancy in a low resource setting. Trop Med Int Health 2015;20(12):1778-86
Khawaja NP, Parveen A, Hussain U, Zahid B, Rehman R. Frequency and Obstetric outcome of hypertensive disorders of pregnancy. Hypertension .PJMHS 2009;3(2): 113-6
McCoy S, Baldwin K. Pharmacotherapeutic options for the treatment of preeclampsia. Am J Health Syst Pharm 2009;66(4):337-44.
Ghulmiyyah L, Sibai B, editors. Maternal mortality from preeclampsia/eclampsia. Seminars in perinatology; 2012: Elsevier.
Oliveira CAd, Lins CP, Sá RAMd, Netto HC, Bornia RG, Silva NRd, et al. Síndromes hipertensivas da gestação e repercussões perinatais. Rev bras saúde matern infant 2006;6(1):93-8.
Berhe AK, llesamni AO, Aimakhu CO, Mulegata A. Effect of Pregnancy induced hypertension on adverse perinatal outcome in Tigray regional estate Ethiopia : a prospective cohort study. BMC Pregnancy and Childbirth 2020;20:7
Tian T, Wang L, Ye R, Liu J, Ren A. maternal hypertension , pre-eclampsia and risk of neonatal respiratory disorders in neonates in large prospective cohort study. Pregnancy hypertens.2020;19:131-7
Gebremedhin MM, Gebremiheal MW, Gebremicheal BG, Reda MM, Hailu TA et al.Determinants of low Apgar score in newborns delivered at Lemlem Karl General Hospital, Nothern Ethiopia,2018:.
