Catheter-associated Infection during Pre and Post Hemodialysis of Kidney Patients

Abstract

Hemodialysis is a lifesaving treatment for the patient of end-stage renal disease. The process of hemodialysis is updating with the passage of time and gradually become safe and easier for the treatment of the patient. During the process of hemodialysis, some infectious diseases have been reported that cause during the withdrawal or insertion of blood from/ in the body. These infectious diseases include Diarrhea, Skin and soft tissue infection, intestinal dysbiosis, acute pneumonia, dental caries, Candida esophagitis, Candidiasis of lung, disseminated candidiasis, Aspergillus endophthalmitis, Blastomycosis and hepatitis occur in the patient of hemodialysis. All these diseases are referred to as catheter-associated infections. Catheter-related infections are usually considered as nosocomial infections. All the immune-compromised and immune-suppressed patients are exposed to these infections especially.  Different microorganisms such as bacteria, fungi and viruses are involved in this contamination of bloodstream of patients. Among the bacteria and fungi, staphylococcus aureus and candida are the most common pathogens responsible for a high number of deaths in the patient of hemodialysis. It is reported that microorganisms attached to a catheter and reached the blood stream. There are many factors that affect the incidence of infection such as the structure of catheter, position of insertion of catheter and health status of the patients. The risk of infection will be decreased with the use of intravenous catheters instead of a central venous catheter. The process of hemodialysis will be safer if the catheter is used with some antibiotic ointments. The ointments are used on the outer surface of the catheter.