Assessing the Frequency of Iron Deficiency Anemia in the Women of Quetta City, Pakistan
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This study aimed to estimate the prevalence of iron deficiency (ID) and iron deficiency anemia (IDA) in pregnant, lactating, and non-pregnant non-lactating (NP-NL) women in Quetta City between October and December 2017. A randomized survey collected data and blood samples from 115 women aged 20-40. Hemoglobin (Hb) and serum ferritin levels were measured. Statistical analysis was performed using SPSS. Among pregnant women, ID and IDA frequencies were 5% and 36%. Corresponding figures for lactating women were 3% and 27%, and for NP-NL women, 10% and 13%. ID was the primary contributor to anemia. Higher risks of iron deficiency were observed in breastfeeding and pregnant women. First-trimester pregnant women had the highest anemia risk. Improved diet led to reduced anemia cases across groups. Severe ID (23.08% with low ferritin) and moderate anemia (low Hb) were identified in pregnant women. Encouraging postpartum checkups for lactating mothers and early prenatal care for monitoring iron deficiency are recommended to prevent long-term consequences. Some results lacked statistical significance.
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