Black Friday and Consumer Misbehavior: A Qualitative Analysis of Pakistan’s Black Friday Sale
Main Article Content
Abstract
The purpose of the research was to observe, explore, and analyze the behaviours and misbehaviours of Pakistani consumers during the Black Friday sale. The factors that lead the consumers to misbehave in the discounted event were observed and explored as well. This study undertook the consumers who were shopping during the Black Friday sale. The observations, interviews, and images were collected to analyze. The data analysis was done by coding major themes. By using these factors a conceptual framework of factors generating the consumer misbehaviour was proposed. The suggestions to solve these problems were also given to retailers.
Downloads
Article Details
Section

This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License.
Authors who publish in this journal agree to the following terms:
- Authors retain copyright and grant the journal right of first publication with the work simultaneously licenced under a Creative Commons Attribution License that allows others to share the work with an acknowledgment of the work's authorship and initial publication in this journal.
- Authors are able to enter into separate, additional contractual arrangements for the non-exclusive distribution of the journal's published version of the work (e.g., post it to an institutional repository or publish it in a book), with an acknowledgement of its initial publication in this journal.
- Authors are permitted and encouraged to post their work online (e.g., in institutional repositories or on their website) prior to and during the submission process, as it can lead to productive exchanges, as well as earlier and greater citation of published work (see The Effect of Open Access).
How to Cite
References
Amine, A. & Gicquel, Y., 2011. Rethinking resistance and anti-consumption behaviours in the light of the concept of deviance. European Journal of Marketing, 45(11/12), pp. 1809-1819. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1108/03090561111167450
Blau, R., 2015. Black Friday brings pain for family of Walmart worker killed. [Online]
Available at: http://www.nydailynews.com/new-york/black-friday-brings-pain-family-walmart-worker-killed-article-1.2447949
[Accessed 4 1 2016].
Burke, M. & Agencies, a., 2014. Black Friday: Carnage in UK Tesco supermarkets as shoppers fight to get bargains. [Online]
[Accessed 3 1 2016].
Creswell, J. W., 2007. Qualitative inquiry & research design: Choosing among five approaches. 2nd ed. Los Angeles: SAGE Publications, Inc..
Dubuis, A. & Bucktin, C., 2015. Black Friday 2015: Brutal fights break out in American malls as shoppers clash over best deals. [Online]
Available at: http://www.mirror.co.uk/news/world-news/black-friday-2015-brutal-fights-6909924
[Accessed 2 2 2016].
Fullerton, R. A. & Punj, G., 1993. Choosing to misbehave: A structural model of aberrant consumer behavior. Advances in Consumer Research, Volume 20, pp. 570-574.
Fullerton, R. & Punj, G., 2004. Repercussions of promoting an ideology of consumption: Consumer misbehavior. Journal of Business Research, p. 1239– 1249. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1016/S0148-2963(02)00455-1
Ghazi, S. H., 2015. Women, power, privilege and Black Friday videos in Pakistan. [Online]
Available at: http://blogs.tribune.com.pk/story/30579/women-power-privilege-and-black-friday-videos-in-pakistan/
[Accessed 07 01 2018].
Glanfield, E., Cockroft, S. & Smith, J., 2014. Stampede of the sales 'animals': Black Friday frenzy turns violent as shoppers fight over bargains. [Online]
[Accessed 7 2 2016].
Grenoble, R., 2015. These people got way too aggressive on black Friday videos of the brawl that broke out in local stores this year. [Online]
Available at: http://www.huffingtonpost.com/entry/black-friday-fights-deals-2015_us_56587710e4b072e9d1c1e73f
[Accessed 10 2 2016].
Harris, L. C. & Daunt, K., 2013. Managing customer misbehavior: Challenges and strategies. Journal of Services Marketing, 27(4 ), p. 281–293. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1108/08876041311330762
Harris, L. C. & Daunt, K. L., 2011. Deviant customer behaviour: A study of techniques of neutralisation. Journal of Marketing Management, 27(7-8), pp. 834-853. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1080/0267257X.2010.498149
Harris, L. C. & Reynolds, K. L., 2004. Jaycustomer behavior: An exploration of types and motives in the hospitality industry. Journal of Services Marketing, 18 (5), pp. 339-357. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1108/08876040410548276
Lennon, S. J., Johnson, K. K. P. & Lee, J., 2011. A perfect storm for consumer misbehavior: Shopping on black Friday. Clothing & Textiles Research Journal , 29 (2 ), pp. 119-134. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1177/0887302X11401907
Lennon, S. J., Kim, M., Lee, J. & Johnson, K. K. P., 2017. Effects of emotions, sex, self-control, and public self-consciousness on Black Friday misbehavior. Journal of Global Fashion Marketing, 8(3), pp. 1-17. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1080/20932685.2017.1321967
Lennon, S. J., Lee, J., Kim, M. & Johnson, K. K. P., 2014. Antecedents of consumer misbehaviour on black Friday: A social responsibility view. Fashion, Style & Popular Culture, 1(2), pp. 193-212. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1386/fspc.1.2.193_1
Mangi, F., 2017. 135 Million Millennials Drive World's Fastest Retail Market. [Online]
Available at: https://www.bloomberg.com/news/articles/2017-09-28/135-million-millennials-drive-world-s-fastest-retail-market
[Accessed 07 01 2018].
Moschis, G. P. & Cox, D., 1989. Deviant consumer behavior. Advances in Consumer Research, Volume 16 , pp. 732-737.
Mundi, I., 2018. Pakistan Demographics Profile 2018. [Online]
Available at: https://www.indexmundi.com/pakistan/demographics_profile.html
[Accessed 07 02 2018].
Pruitt, S., 2015. What's the retail history of Black Friday?. [Online]
Available at: http://www.history.com/news/whats-the-real-history-of-black-friday
[Accessed 10 2 2016].
Raymen, T. & Smith, O., 2015. What's deviance got to do with it? Black Friday sales, violence and hyper-conformity. British Journal of Criminology, pp. 1-17. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1093/bjc/azv051
Reynolds, K. L. & Harris, L. C., 2006. Deviant customer behavior: An exploration of frontline employee tactics. Journal of Marketing Theory and Practice, 14(2), pp. 95-111. DOI: https://doi.org/10.2753/MTP1069-6679140201
Reynolds, K. L. & Harris, L. C., 2009. Dysfunctional customer behavior severity: An empirical examination. Journal of Retailing, 85 (3), p. 321–335. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jretai.2009.05.005
Simpson, L., Taylor, L., O'Rourke, K. & Shaw, K., 2011. An analysis of consumer behavior on black Friday. American International Journal of Contemporary Research, 1(1), pp. 1-5.
Terblanche, N. S., 2018. Revisiting the supermarket in-store customer shopping experience. Journal of Retailing and Consumer Services, Volume 40 , p. 48–59. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jretconser.2017.09.004
Tribune, T. E., 2015. Black Friday: “We made history” says Muneeb Maayr, CEO Daraz.pk. [Online]
Available at: https://tribune.com.pk/story/1003815/black-fridaywe-made-history-says-muneeb-maayr-ceo-daraz-pk/
[Accessed 08 01 2018].
Tribune, T. E., 2016. Daraz Black Friday 2016 - Pakistan's first one billion rupee sale. [Online]
Available at: https://tribune.com.pk/story/1247813/daraz-black-friday-2016-pakistans-first-one-billion-rupee-sale/
[Accessed 08 01 2018].
Wheatstone, R., Ferguson, K. & Clarke, J., 2015. Boxing day sale: fights between bargain-hunters and queues stretching up to 4,000 people in 3.74billion bonanza. [Online]
Available at: http://www.mirror.co.uk/news/uk-news/boxing-day-sales-fights-between-7071631
[Accessed 10 2 2016].