Frequency of urinary tract infections in renal transplant recipients with common bacteria and its sensitivity

Abstract

Objective: To determine the frequency of urinary tract infection and its common pathogens with antibiotic sensitivity among renal transplant recipients.

Materials and methods:

This Cross sectional descriptive study was conducted at Institute of Kidney Diseases (IKD) Hayatabad, Peshawar from January 2008 to December 2012. The cross section included 74 live related renal transplant recipients. Each renal transplant recipient was followed up for 3mpnths for developing urinary tract infection.

Results:

A total of 74 patients were followed after renal transplant. Among them 12 (16.22%) were females and 62 (83.78%) were males respectively. They were all live related renal transplant. UTI developed in 27/74 (36.48%) patients at first 3 months after transplantation (60 ± 15 days).  Female patients were more susceptible to UTI than male patients (5 female 41.66%; 22 male 35.48%). On univariate analysis, older age (p?=?0.015), female gender (p?<?0.001), hyperglycaemia (p?=?0.037) and acute rejection episodes (p?=?0.046) were all risk factors for developing urinary tract infection. Isolated bacteria were Escherichia coli (59.25%), Candida albicans (18.51%), Klebsiella (11.11%), Enterococcus spp. (7.40%), followed by Pseudomonas aeruginosa 3.70%. Antibiotic resistance was 26% for ciprofloxacin and 33% for ampicillin.

Conclusion: Urinary tract infection is a major problem in renal transplant recipients. The female gender, increasing age and uncontrolled hyperglycemia are the risk factors for UTI in renal transplant recipients. There is high resistance to ampicillin and quinolones in renal transplant recipients.