Synthesis and characterizations titanium dioxide nanocomposite by laser ablation for antimicrobial applications

In this work, composite nanoparticles containing carbon nanotubes and TiO2NPs nanoparticles are incorporated by pulsed laser removal of graphite and TiO2NPs focuses on that were inundated in deionized water. The beat laser utilized was Nd:YAG laser of 1046nm wavelength at various laser vitality densities that going (5.22-13.07)J/ cm2 and an alternate number of pulsed (100-400 ) pulsed.1,2 The optical properties of arranged impacts are explored when doping the carbon nanoparticles with TiO2 NPs nanoparticles. The UV-vis assimilation spectra displayed a red shift as the doping proportions with iron oxide nanoparticles were expanded. While, the photoluminescence of carbon nanoparticles doped TiO2 NPs oxide nanoparticles showed a consistent fluorescence outflow tops in noticeable locale at 597nm upon excitation at a wavelength of 250nm, yet with lower power, as the doping proportion expanded, this is a result of the impact of TiO2 NPs nanoparticles in extinguishing the carbon nanoparticles fluorescence. The antibacterial movement of incorporated composite nanoparticles was tried against four distinctive pathogen microscopic organisms two-gram negative (Escherichia coli (E.coli), Klebsiella pneumoniae (K. pneumoniae)).3,4 Also, the main strategy is fluid medium strategy in which distinctive grouping of carbon nanoparticles arranged in two laser energies 80mJ and 200 MJ then doping them with various TiO2 NPs nanoparticles, the best outcomes were gotten from the 400μg. mL-1 of carbon nanoparticles doped with various proportions of TiO2 NPs nanoparticles . The composite nanoparticles that showed the best antibacterial movement in the fluid medium strategy are tried continuously technique the great dispersion strategy and uncover that the best centralization of carbon nanotubes 400μg.mL-1 that display the best antibacterial action are improved and become better when it doped with 43% TiO2 NPs nanoparticles (Figure 2 & Figure 3). 4,5


Introduction
In this work, composite nanoparticles containing carbon nanotubes and TiO 2 NPs nanoparticles are incorporated by pulsed laser removal of graphite and TiO 2 NPs focuses on that were inundated in deionized water. The beat laser utilized was Nd:YAG laser of 1046nm wavelength at various laser vitality densities that going (5.22-13.07)J/ cm 2 and an alternate number of pulsed (100-400 ) pulsed. 1,2 The optical properties of arranged impacts are explored when doping the carbon nanoparticles with TiO 2 NPs nanoparticles. The UV-vis assimilation spectra displayed a red shift as the doping proportions with iron oxide nanoparticles were expanded. While, the photoluminescence of carbon nanoparticles doped TiO 2 NPs oxide nanoparticles showed a consistent fluorescence outflow tops in noticeable locale at 597nm upon excitation at a wavelength of 250nm, yet with lower power, as the doping proportion expanded, this is a result of the impact of TiO 2 NPs nanoparticles in extinguishing the carbon nanoparticles fluorescence. The antibacterial movement of incorporated composite nanoparticles was tried against four distinctive pathogen microscopic organisms two-gram negative (Escherichia coli (E.coli), Klebsiella pneumoniae (K. pneumoniae)). 3,4 Also, the main strategy is fluid medium strategy in which distinctive grouping of carbon nanoparticles arranged in two laser energies 80mJ and 200 MJ then doping them with various TiO 2 NPs nanoparticles, the best outcomes were gotten from the 400µg. mL -1 of carbon nanoparticles doped with various proportions of TiO 2 NPs nanoparticles . The composite nanoparticles that showed the best antibacterial movement in the fluid medium strategy are tried continuously technique the great dispersion strategy and uncover that the best centralization of carbon nanotubes 400μg.mL -1 that display the best antibacterial action are improved and become better when it doped with 43% TiO 2 NPs nanoparticles (

Research objectives
Purpose of this study that the synthesis new model of nanocomposite by modify titanium dioxide for using and clearly observed as well as low-cost and eco-friendly revealed the presence of the "knock-down" growth of pathogen bacteria and how the combination of nanoparticles increase the anti-pathogen activity. The aims of this work represented by: I. Preparing colloidal titanium dioxide nano composite by pulsed laser ablation technique in deionized water and synthesizing in this work, II. To performed laser ablation of Titanium target in water to synthesize colloidal Titanium oxide nanoparticles.
III. To the detection surface morphology of the deposits, materials that have been studied by using atomic force microscopes (AFM). XRD pattern analysis to show that the average grain size and dimensions of TiO 2 IV. Investigating the antibacterial activity of TiO 2 nanotubes against four different pathogen bacteria Investigating of the best antibacterial activity concentration of both modify Nanocomposite in combination with titanium dioxide nanoparticles.

Experiment procedure
Synthesis of TiO 2 nano powder: Nano -TiO 2 powder was synthesized via a Sol-Gel method using titanium tetraisopropoxide (TTIP), isopropanol and deionized water as starting materials. Routines of TiO2 nanoparticles by Nd: YAG laser (1064nm, pulse duration=9ns, repetition frequency 1Hz) operating at different Energies (80 and 200mJ) for different ablation times (10, 20min). Each sample was Heavy before and after ablation by a digital weigher to determine LAL titanium in distilled deionized plate

Results
XRD diagrams ( Figure 1D) show that the four synthesized samples have the highest diffraction peak in the crystalline plane (A) (2θ=29.9202) and that the other diffraction peaks coincide with the crystalline phases of (B) (25.9348), (C) (25,3439) and the smallest vertex of E(33,9715). These results have shown that we can clearly see that the crystalline phase of each sample is manly in anatase form. This result correspondence with. 1,2 AFM spectra indicated ( Figure  1A & 1B) the minute size distribution between (60-135nm) for TiO 2 (anatase) and the minute size distribution between (50-150 nm), for TiO2 doped with Sb prepared at 873k. The results show that the TiO 2 doped with Sb has the largest surface area, followed by TiO 2 (anatase) which has a smaller surface area compared to the decrease in particle size D Avg=91.24nm and the dimer Figure 1C high Z=0.30nm between the particles is 0.30nm(1) found out goes with. [5][6][7] The results also showed that a very significant difference between the groups studied (P<0.000) showed that a high concentration in women was much higher than in the male, which confirms that the existence of the effect is generally an increase in the concentration carried out by exposure to nanoparticles. The result also showed that differences were found between the treatment group and the control group so that this finding agree with. [7][8][9] Figure 1 AFM of TiO 2 framework (Anatase).

Findings
Preparation method used led to getting titanium dioxide nanoparticles dimensions. modifying the band gap led to getting a smaller band gap (2.0eV) TiO 2 -Sb. XRD, AFM crystal size, surface morphology and particle size and surface topography properties to all sample were proved the successful sights of the prepared compounds. The antibacterial activity of synthesized composite nanoparticles was tested against four different pathogen bacteria two gram negative (Escherichia coli (E.coli), Klebsiella pneumoniae (K. pneumoniae)),and two gram positive (Streptococcus pyogenes(S .pyogenes) and Staphylococcus aureus (S. aureus)) by two methods , the first method is liquid medium process in which different concentration of nanoparticles prepared in two laser energies 80mJ and 200mJ then doping them with different iron oxide nanoparticles , the best results was obtained from the 400µg.mL -1 of TiO 2 nanoparticles doped with different ratios of nanoparticles .The composite nanoparticles that exhibited the best antibacterial activity in liquid medium method are tested by the second method the well diffusion method, and reveals that the best concentration of carbon nanotubes 400µg.mL -1 that exhibit the best antibacterial activity are enhanced and become better when it doped with 43% nanoparticles.

Funding details
None.