Risk Factors for Gynaecology Operation Theatre (OT) Contamination and its Management Review Article
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Abstract
Operation theatre contamination is one of the most important areas of ensuring aseptic conditions, especially in gynaecology, where contact with mucous membranes and internal organs that act as potential reservoirs of microorganisms is involved in the surgical process. Physical, chemical, biological, and behavioral risk factors all play a part in contaminating the gynaecology operation theatre environment. Chemically, ineffective sterilization methods, incorrect dilutions, and the applications of less effective disinfectants all result in inadequate decontamination of equipment and surfaces. Contaminated air, water, and bedding enhance the biological load of infections by Staphylococcus aureus, Escherichia coli, and Pseudomonas aeruginosa, and it is mainly transmitted to humans, i.e., personnel and patients. Bacterial contamination appears to be prevalent and varies depending on hospital layout, environmental cleanliness standards, and adherence to infection-control guidelines. It is thus essential to apply efficient prevention and management techniques, which entail regular checking of the environment, maintenance of proper air filtration systems, sterilizing the surgical instruments through cleaning, and adherence to aseptic precautions. The use of quality disinfectants, implementation of infection-controlled audits, and routine training of gynaecology operation theatre personnel also improve contamination control. Identification and management of these risk factors improve surgical results, patient safety and also contribute to advancing overall hospital cleanliness and infection control practice.
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