Screening and Characterisation of Bioactive Compounds from Bacteria Isolated from Marine Sediments of Karachi, Pakistan Research Article
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Abstract
This study explores marine actinomycetes from Karachi coastal sediments as potential sources of novel antimicrobial agents. Three isolates (K3.7N, K3.2S, and K2.4ES) were selected from marine sediment samples, characterized biochemically and morphologically, and identified through 16S rRNA gene sequencing as Alcaligenes sp. SV/09-02 (FJ654476.1) (2) and Bacillus sp. strain csj15 (KY970075.1), i.e., K3.7N and K3.2S, respectively, while the isolate K2.4ES could not be sequenced. Antibiotic susceptibility test results revealed that both K3.2S and K2.4ES were sensitive, whereas K3.7N was resistant. All three isolates tolerated 25 minutes of 254 nm UV irradiation and varying salt concentrations, though the UV did not affect growth or bioactivity. The metabolites displayed stable antibacterial activity up to 45°C even after Proteinase K treatment, indicating the non-proteinaceous nature. Antimicrobial production was affected by various growth parameters and the crude extracts of Alcaligenes sp. SV/09-0 and Bacillus sp. strain csj15 demonstrated significant antibacterial, antifungal, and anticandidal activity, with a bacteriostatic effect. These findings highlight the untapped potential of Karachi’s marine ecosystems for the discovery of novel antibiotics.
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