Addressing Gender Disparities in Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder (ADHD) Diagnosis Editorial

Abstract

Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder (ADHD) is a neurodevelopmental disorder frequently under- or misdiagnosed because of the similarity of its fluctuating symptoms with depression, anxiety, bipolar and autism disorders. Characterized by inability to either maintain focus or by hyperactivity, ADHD frequently goes unnoticed until life’s increasing demands exacerbate symptoms. Factors such as family history of ADHD, environmental exposures and traumatic brain injury may contribute to its development. ADHD in children might often be confused with emotional and disciplinary problems, hindering timely diagnosis. While acute diagnosis is challenging, it is not unachievable. Steps to execute the diagnosis of ADHD include a thorough medical history, physical exam, behavioural assessment, observational assessment and psychological testing. Questionnaires might be used as an initial diagnostic test.