Postharvest Quality Potential Comparison of Apple Cultivars at Ambient Temperature
Research Article
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.31580/zjd2ek04Keywords:
Ambient conditions, Apple cultivars (cvs), Fruit shelf life, Postharvest quality, Storage period daysAbstract
The postharvest performance of Apple (Malus domestica) cultivars was evaluated under ambient conditions. Fruits were harvested at commercial maturity, and data were recorded at 0, 10, 20, 30, and 40 days for evaluation of organoleptic, physical, and biochemical attributes. Data were analyzed using a factorial Completely Randomized Design (CRD) with ANOVA, and LSD test at P ≤ 0.05. Organoleptic attributes declined by day 40, Amari recorded the highest color score (4.33), while Royal Gala recorded the lowest (1.67). Red Delicious recorded the highest taste score (5.0), while Jeromine recorded the lowest (1.0). Red Delicious and Amari recorded the highest flavour score (3.67), while Royal Gala recorded the lowest (2.3). Amari recorded the highest aroma score (4.3), while Jeromine recorded the lowest (1.0). Amari recorded the highest overall acceptance (5.0), while Royal Gala recorded the lowest (1.67) score. Physical Quality Traits at day 40, Amari showed the highest weight loss (12.64%), Red Delicious the lowest (10.10%). Red Delicious lost the least fruit size (4.6) while Jeromine lost the most (3.8 cm). Royal Gala recorded the highest specific gravity (1.06), and the lowest was in Red Delicious (0.99). Disease incidence was maximum in Jeromine (4.30) and minimum in Red Delicious (2.00). Decay percentage was minimum in Red Delicious (2.00), followed by Amari (3.56), and maximum in Jeromine and Royal Gala (4.00). Red Delicious and Amari (190.37g, 152.2g) showed less decrease in fruit weight as compared to Jeromine and Royal Gala (208.63g, 208.86g). Firmness declined in all cultivars over 40 days, and Red Delicious retained the highest mean (7.6 N). Red Delicious had the highest marketability index (0.73%), and Jeromine had the lowest (0.46%). Red Delicious scored highest in visual quality (5.0), while Jeromine scored lowest (1.6). Biochemical characteristics at day 40, Red Delicious and Royal Gala showed the highest pH (4.26), followed by Jeromine and Amari (4.23). Amari showed the minimum TSS increase from day 0 to day 40 (14.02 °Brix to 12.47 °Brix). The lowest TA (0.04%) was found in Jeromine, Royal Gala, and Amari, followed by Red Delicious (0.05%). At day 40, Jeromine recorded the lowest TSS/TA ratio (1.28), while Royal Gala recorded the highest (1.76). The highest EC was recorded in Amari (33.33) at day 0, while on day 40, Red Delicious showed the highest (41.11) and Jeromine had the lowest (30.95). These results indicated that Red Delicious and Amari exhibited superior postharvest quality under ambient conditions, with the potential for extended shelf life and better consumer acceptance.
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