Abstract
In the present study, crude methanolic and aqueous extracts of Mangifera indica (mango) seeds were evaluated for their antibacterial and hemolytic activities against multidrug-resistant (MDR) bacterial pathogens, including vancomycin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (VRSA), vancomycin-resistant Staphylococcus epidermidis (VRSE), and Klebsiella pneumoniae. Three different concentrations of the extracts (10, 20, and 30 mg/mL) were tested against these MDR strains.The highest antibacterial activity, indicated by a zone of inhibition of 34 mm, was observed with the 30 mg/mL aqueous extract against VRSE, while the lowest activity (13 mm) was recorded for the 10 mg/mL methanolic extract against Klebsiella pneumoniae. In the hemolysis assay, the maximum hemolytic activity (4.2%) was exhibited by the 30 mg/mL methanolic extract, whereas the minimum hemolysis (0.8%) was observed with the 10 mg/mL aqueous extract. Overall, the findings suggest that Mangifera indica seed extracts contain bioactive compounds with significant antibacterial and hemolytic properties. This study provides a foundation for future research aimed at isolating and characterizing these bioactive constituents for potential pharmaceutical applications. The GC-MS analysis successfully identified 18 compounds, revealing that the sample is primarily composed of fatty acids, with Oleic acid (32.46%) and Stearic acid (20.18%) being the major constituents and together accounting for over half of the composition. Significant levels of the phenolic antioxidant 1, 2, 3-Benzenetriol (Pyrogallol) (9.58%) were also found, indicating a rich mixture of lipids and bioactive phenolics.
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