Screening Bacillus strains for Auxin Production and Their Potential to Stimulate the Growth of Vigna Radiata (L.)
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.31580/pjmls.v7i3.3132Keywords:
Bio fertilizer, Phosphate solubilizing microorganism, Plant Growth-promoting rhizobacteria, Vigna radiata (L.)Abstract
Auxin producing rhizobacteria are known to enhance plant growth and play a major role in the development of agronomical growth parameters. The main objective of this study was to evaluate the potential of Bacillus strains on the growth of Vigna Radiata (L.) under natural environmental conditions. The Microscopic analysis showed that strains were gram-positive and endospore former. Biochemical analysis revealed positive results for catalase and citrate test while negative for oxidase, urease, nitrate, TSI, and starch hydrolysis. The strains except Z-16 were tested negative for phosphate solubilization. Colourimetric analysis of strains at 0µg/ml of L-tryptophan recorded very low levels of auxin production. However, at 1000 µg/ml L-tryptophan, maximum auxin was produced by Bacillus subtilis Z-16 which was 85% over control. For pot trials surface sterilized seeds were treated with bacteria suspension and were sown into pots under natural environmental conditions. These trials resulted in maximum shoot length by strain of Bacillus subtilis Z-16 (85%), after 8 weeks of germination. Similarly, for fresh weight, B. subtilis produced recorded a 34% increase, over control. Analysis of dry weight proved that B. aerius Z-54 was giving maximum weight after 8 weeks of germination (12%). A mixture of Z-03 and Z-54 produced a 27% improvement in shoot length while a 1-fold improvement in fresh weight. The analysis of all these vegetative growth characteristics proved that these strains can be used as effective bio fertilizers to enhance crop productivity.
References
Zhang Q, Han G, Liu M, Zhang S, Wang L, Zhu G. Environmental implications of agricultural abandonment on Fe cycling: Insight from iron forms and stable isotope composition in karst soil, southwest China. Environmental Research. 2022;215:114377.
Hasan A, Tabassum B, Hashim M, Khan N. Role of plant growth promoting rhizobacteria (PGPR) as a plant growth enhancer for sustainable agriculture: A review. Bacteria. 2024;3(2):59-75.
Zhao Y, Li Y, Yang F. Critical review on soil phosphorus migration and transformation under freezing-thawing cycles and typical regulatory measurements. Science of the Total Environment. 2021;751:141614.
Deng C, Liang X, Zhang N, Li B, Wang X, Zeng N. Molecular mechanisms of plant growth promotion for methylotrophic Bacillus aryabhattai LAD. Frontiers in Microbiology. 2022;13:917382.
Neemisha, Kumar A, Sharma P, Kaur A, Sharma S, Jain R. Harnessing rhizobacteria to fulfil inter‐linked nutrient dependency on soil and alleviate stresses in plants. Journal of Applied Microbiology. 2022;133(5):2694-716.
Pirog T, Piatetska D, Klymenko N, Iutynska G. Ways of auxin biosynthesis in microorganisms. 2022.
Rizwanuddin S, Kumar V, Singh P, Naik B, Mishra S, Chauhan M, et al. Insight into phytase-producing microorganisms for phytate solubilization and soil sustainability. Frontiers in microbiology. 2023;14:1127249.
Teale WD, Paponov IA, Palme K. Auxin in action: signalling, transport and the control of plant growth and development. Nature reviews Molecular cell biology. 2006;7(11):847-59.
Zhang Y, Li Y, Hassan MJ, Li Z, Peng Y. Indole-3-acetic acid improves drought tolerance of white clover via activating auxin, abscisic acid and jasmonic acid related genes and inhibiting senescence genes. BMC plant biology. 2020;20:1-12.
Saxena AK, Kumar M, Chakdar H, Anuroopa N, Bagyaraj D. Bacillus species in soil as a natural resource for plant health and nutrition. Journal of applied microbiology. 2020;128(6):1583-94.
Kosa G, Shapaval V, Kohler A, Zimmermann B. FTIR spectroscopy as a unified method for simultaneous analysis of intra-and extracellular metabolites in high-throughput screening of microbial bioprocesses. Microbial cell factories. 2017;16:1-11.
Yousuf J, Thajudeen J, Rahiman M, Krishnankutty S, P. Alikunj A, A. Abdulla MH. Nitrogen fixing potential of various heterotrophic Bacillus strains from a tropical estuary and adjacent coastal regions. Journal of basic microbiology. 2017;57(11):922-32.
Dikr W. Mung Bean (Vigna radiata L.) Production Status and Challenges in Ethiopia. Global Academic Journal of Agriculture and Biosciences. 2023;5(2):13-22.
N CJaS. A laboratory manual 6th edition. Pearson education, singpore. 2002.
Arya G, Petronella N, Crosthwait J, Carrillo CD, Shwed PS. Draft genome sequence of Bacillus megaterium type strain ATCC 14581. Genome announcements. 2014;2(6):10.1128/genomea. 01124-14.
Khalid A, Tahir S, Arshad M, Zahir ZA. Relative efficiency of rhizobacteria for auxin biosynthesis in rhizosphere and non-rhizosphere soils. Soil Research. 2004;42(8):921-6.
Ahmed A, Hasnain S. Extraction and evaluation of indole acetic acid from indigenous auxin-producing rhizosphere bacteria. JAPS: Journal of Animal & Plant Sciences. 2020;30(4).
Bhutani N, Maheshwari R, Negi M, Suneja P. Optimization of IAA production by endophytic Bacillus spp. from Vigna radiata for their potential use as plant growth promoters. Israel journal of plant sciences. 2018;65(1-2):83-96.
Aslam F, Ali B. Halotolerant bacterial diversity associated with Suaeda fruticosa (L.) forssk. improved growth of maize under salinity stress. Agronomy. 2018;8(8):131.
Navid S, Tanveer S, Ali B. Auxin Production by Bacillus simplex Enhanced the Growth of Zea mays (L.) under In-Vitro and In-Vivo Conditions. Lahore Garrison University Journal of Life Sciences. 2023;7(4):459-73.
Batista BD, Dourado MN, Figueredo EF, Hortencio RO, Marques JPR, Piotto FA, et al. The auxin-producing Bacillus thuringiensis RZ2MS9 promotes the growth and modifies the root architecture of tomato (Solanum lycopersicum cv. Micro-Tom). Archives of Microbiology. 2021;203(7):3869-82.
Raheem A, Ali B. The Microphenotron: a novel method for screening plant growth-promoting rhizobacteria. PeerJ. 2022;10:e13438.
AMIN H, TANVEER S, ALI B. EVALUATION OF ROLE OF Bacillus AND Halomonas STRAINS IN IMPROVING THE GROWTH OF BARLEY CROP UNDER SALT STRESS.
Madhogaria B, Banerjee S, Chakraborty S, Dhak P, Kundu A. Alleviation of heavy metals chromium, cadmium and lead and plant growth promotion in Vigna radiata L. plant using isolated Pseudomonas geniculata. International Microbiology. 2024:1-17.
Ali B, Sabri AN, Ljung K, Hasnain S. Quantification of indole-3-acetic acid from plant associated Bacillus spp. and their phytostimulatory effect on Vigna radiata (L.). World Journal of Microbiology and Biotechnology. 2009;25:519-26.
Imran M, Akhtar MJ, Arshad SF, Ashfaq M, Gulzar MZ, Ahmad HS, et al. Improving Growth and Yield of Sunflower with Integrated Use of Compost and PGPR (Variovorax Paradoxus) with Different Levels of N-Chemical Fertilizer. Journal of Bioresource Management. 2022;9(2):4.
Msimbira LA, Naamala J, Antar M, Subramanian S, Smith DL. Effect of microbial cell-free supernatants extracted from a range of pH levels on corn (Zea mays L.) and tomato (Solanum lycopersicum L.) seed germination and seedling growth. Frontiers in Sustainable Food Systems. 2022;6:789335.
Gamez R, Cardinale M, Montes M, Ramirez S, Schnell S, Rodriguez F. Screening, plant growth promotion and root colonization pattern of two rhizobacteria (Pseudomonas fluorescens Ps006 and Bacillus amyloliquefaciens Bs006) on banana cv. Williams (Musa acuminata Colla). Microbiological research. 2019;220:12-20.
Chandra R, Pareek N, Raverkar K. Enhancing Mungbean (Vigna radiata L.) Productivity, Soil Health and Profitability through Conjoint use of Rhizobium and PGPR. Legume Research: An International Journal. 2024;47(5).
Yadav BK, Mohanty N, Dash S, Pradhan S, Sahoo B, Rath B. Enhanced Yield of Mungbean (Vigna radiata L.) using Bacterial Biofertilizer. Biosciences Biotechnology Research Asia. 2024;21(1):89-98.
Downloads
Published
Issue
Section
License
Copyright (c) 2024 Pak-Euro Journal of Medical and Life Sciences
This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License.