An Insight to Integrated Farming System Impacts on Soil Physiography and Weed Control in South Waziristan
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.31580/pjmls.v7i2.3031Keywords:
Conventional farming, Integrated farming, Salinity, Soil erosion, WeedAbstract
South Waziristan, a tribal area of Pakistan is home to various horticultural crops serving local communities' livelihoods. In agricultural-based communities around the globe, farmers are actively involved in integrated and conventional farming practices that are likely contributing to the socio-economic paradigms of these farmers. The current research study focused on perceptions of farmers practising integrated farming approaches and their role in controlling various problems regarding local farming. The snowballing technique was used to collect the data from two villages i.e. Kazha Panga and Raghzai, rural farmer’s settlements were retrieved through a structured and semi-structured questionnaire from 300 individuals including the demographic and socio-economic status of respondents. The study investigated the impacts of integrated and conventional farming practices on various dependent and independent variables. A stratified sampling technique followed by face-to-face interviews and focused group discussions was conducted to collect the required data. To analyse the data a statistical software SPSS was used. The binary logistic regression model helped in understanding the behaviour of farmers toward various variables. The empirical evidence depicted that middle-aged farmers in the study site primarily perform the integrated farming system (IFS) (33%). The study infers that the majority of farmers adopting integrated farming systems (IFS) experienced weed decline, soil erosion control, and less salinity (p<0.000, p<0.000, p<0.003) on their farmlands. The study site was least explored regarding various agricultural practices. Therefore, there was a dire need of understanding and comparison of various villages adopting integrated farming systems. The study calls for detailed research work and implications to introduce and reform policies regarding revenue generation and awareness in farming communities. The study also suggests immediate awareness campaigns to advance the farmer's access to the national and international markets.
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