A Case of Homestays in Brunei as a Means of Socio-Economic Development

Authors

  • Siti Aisah Janaji PhD Student
  • Fahmi Ibrahim

DOI:

https://doi.org/10.31580/ijer.v3i4.1659

Keywords:

Homestays, Community-based tourism, Community participation, Socio-Economic, Empowerment

Abstract

This paper aims to discuss how homestays in Brunei represents a means of socio-economic development. While recognizing the socio-economic benefits and revenue streams that homestays gain from not only providing accommodation facilities, the wide range of cultural activities and exposures will strengthen the preservation of Brunei’s cultural heritage. A case study approach and qualitative research method were conducted in this study. The key findings reveal that the community participation in three homestays is perceived to empower individuals in contributing on-going socio-economic development of their respective village. This study contributes knowledge and practical suggestions to potential ventures, homestay operators and researchers.

References

Abdul Razzaq, A. R., Hadi, M. Y., Mustafa, M. Z., Hamzah, A., Khalifah, Z., & Mohamad, N. H. (2011). Local Community Participation in Homestay Program Development in Malaysia.

Adam, P. (2012). Grouped: How small groups of friends are the key to influence on the social web. California: New Riders.

Acharya, B. P., & Halpenny, E. A. (2013). Homestays as an alternative tourism product for sustainable community development: A case study of women-managed tourism product in rural Nepal. Tourism Planning & Development, 10(4), 367-387.

Amin, A., & Ibrahim, Y. (2016). Sustainable community participation in homestay program. International Business Management, 2, 65-75.

Amirruding, A. (2009). Strategies for the successful marketing of homestay programme: some useful lessons, International Seminar on Community based Tourism: Learning From the Homestay Programme in Malaysia.

Amran, H. (2010). Malaysia Homestay from the perspective of young Japanese tourist: The quest for Furusato. CIPD Monograph 2. Universiti Teknologi Malaysia, Skudai.

Anderson, B.R. (1991). Imagined communities: Reflections on the origin and spread of nationalism (2nd ed.). New York: Verso.

Anand, A., Chandan, P. & Singh, R. B. (2012). Homestays at Korzok: Supplementing Rural Livelihoods and Supporting Green Tourism in the Indian Himalayas. Mountain Research and Development, 32 (2), 126-136.

Bernard, H. R. (2002). Research Methods in Anthropology: Qualitative and quantitative methods. 3rd edition. AltaMira Press,Walnut Creek, California.

Bhuiyan, M. A. H., Siwar, C., Ismail, S. M., & Islam, R. (2011). The role of homestay for ecotourism development in east coast economic region. Am. J. of App. Sci., 8(6), 540-546.

Breugel, V., L. (2013). Community-based tourism: Local participation and perceived impacts.

Buhailis, D. (2003). eTourism: information technology for strategic tourism management. Harlow: Pearson Education.

Buhailis, D. & Foerste, M. (2015). SoCoMo Marketing for travel and tourism: Empowering co-creation of value. Journal of Destination Marketing & Management, 4, 151-161.

Burnett, J. (2008). Core concepts of marketing.

Butler, J. (1993) Bodies That Matter: On the Discursive Limits of Sex. New York: Routledge.

Butler, R. W. (1992). Alternative tourism: The thin edge of the wedge. In V.L. Smith & W. R.

Eadington (Eds.). Tourism alternatives, potentials and problems in the development of tourism. Philadelphia: University of Pennsylvania Press, 31-46.

Chaiyatorn, S., Kaoses, P., & Thitphat, P. (2010). The developmental model of cultural tourism home stay of the Lao Vieng and Lao song ethnic groups in the central region of Thailand. J. Soc. Sci., 6, 130-132.

Christensen, C. M. & Raynor, M. E. (2003). The Innovator's Solution: Creating and Sustaining Successful Growth, Harvard Business School Press, Boston, MA.

Clammer, J. (1996). Values and Development in Southeast Asia. First Edition, Pelanduk Publications, the University of Michigan, ISBN: 10: 9679785688, 228.

Cole, S. (2006). Information and empowerment: The keys to achieving sustainable tourism. Journal of Sustainable Tourism, 14(6), 629-644.26

Cheek, J. (2008). Foucauldian discourse analysis. In L. M. Given (Ed.). The SAGE encyclopaedia of qualitative research methods (pp. 355-357). Thousand Oaks: Sage Publications Inc.

Cheong, S. M, & Miller, M. L. (2000). Power and tourism: A foucauldian Observation. Annals of Tourism Research, 27(2), 371- 390.

Chronis, A. (2005). Coconstructing Heritage at the Gettysburg Storyscape. Annals of Tourism Research, 32 (2), 386-406.

Chronis, A. (2012). Tourists as Story-Builders: Narrative Construction at a Heritage Museum. Journal of Travel & Tourism Marketing, 29 (5), 444-459.

Cohen, E. & Cohen, S. A. (2012). Current sociological theories and issues in tourism. Annals of Tourism Research, 39(4), 2177-2202.

Cole, T. & Church, A. (2007). Tourism, politics and the forgotten entanglements of power. In A. Church, & T. Cole (eds.), Tourism, Power and Space (1-42). UK: Routledge.

Constine, J. (2012). Your average Facebook Post Only Reaches 12% Of Your Friends. http://techcrunch.com/2012/02/29/facebook-post-reach-16-friends/ Accessed 17.03.17.

Cover, R. (2012). Performing and undoing identity online: Social networking, identity theories and the incompatibility of online profiles and friendship regimes. Convergence: The international Journal of research into New Media Technologies, 18(2), 177-193.

Crang, M. & Cook, I. (2007). Doing Ethnographies. Sage Publications Ltd. Cresswell, T. (2010). Towards a politics of mobility. Environment and planning D: Society and space, 28, 17-31.

DesAutels, P. (2011). UGIS: Understanding the nature of user-generated information systems. Business Horizons, 54(3), 185-92. Digital tourism Think Tank (2013). The European NTO Digital Benchmark. Retrieved May 23, 2015, from http://thinkdigital.travel/reports/The_European_NTO_Digital_Benchmark.pdf

Digital Tourism Think Tank. (2013). The European NTO Digital Benchmark. Retrieved on June 27, 2019. Retrieved from http://thinkdigital.travel/reports/The_European_NTO_Digital_Benchmark.pdf

Dirks, D. & Rice, S.K. (2004). Dining while black: Tipping as social artifact, Cornell Hotel and Restaurant Administration Quarterly, 45 (1), 30-47.

Denman, R. (2001). Guidelines for Community Based Ecotourism Development, Washington.

Denzin, N. & Lincoln, Y. (2005). The Sage Handbook of Qualitative Research. Sage Publications, Inc., Thousand Oaks, CA, pp. 38.

Edgell, D. L. S. & Linda, H. (1993). Tourism Development: An Economic Stimulus in the Heart of America. Business America, 114 (2): 17-18.

Edwards, A., & Skinners, J. (2009). Research Paradigms in Qualitative Sports Research Management.In A. E. J. Skinners (Ed.), Qualitative Reseaerch in Sports Management (1st ed., p. 439). UK & USA: Elesiver Ltd

Edwards, A. & Skinners, J. (2009). Research Paradigms in Qualitative Sports Research Management. In A. E. J. Skinners (Ed.), Qualitative Research in Sports Management. UK & USA: Elesiver Ltd., 1st ed, p.439).

Elimimian, J. U., Elliard, M & Khayota, M. O. (2006). Myths and misconceptions: What marketing students need to learn from a course in principles (Basic) of marketing. Innovative Marketing, 2(4).

Eisenhardt, K. M. (2002). Building Theories from Case Study Research. In A.M.

Felton, A.P., 1959. Making the marketing concept work. Harvard Business Review, 37(4): 55-65.

Goodwin, H., & Santilli, R. (2009). Community-based tourism: A success. ICRT Occasional Paper, 11(1), 37.

Gu, M., & Wong, P. (2006). Residents’ Perception of Tourism. Impacts: A Case Study of Homestay Operators in Dachangshan Dao, North-East China. Tourism Geographies, 8 (3), 253–273. http://doi.org/10.1080/14616680600765222

Hatton, M. J. (1999). Malaysia: Kampung Desa Muni, the homestay program. In Community-based tourism in the Asia-Pacific. Canada: Number College Ontario.

Hamzah, A. (2010). Malaysian Homestays from the Perspective of Young Japanese Tourists: The Quest for Furusato. Asian Tourism: Growth and Change (Vol. 2). Retrieved from http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/B978-0-08-045356-9.50021-7

Harun, H. Hassan, R. Abdul Razzaq, A. R. & Mustafa, M. Z. (2012) Building Local Capacities towards Sustaining Community Based Tourism Development (CBET): Experience from Miso Walal Homestay, Kinabantangan Sabah, Malaysia. In Regional Conference on Higher Education – Community -Industry Engagement, 7-9 May 2012, Kuala Lumpur.

Hinch, T. & Butler, R. (1996). Indigenous Tourism: A Common Ground for Discussion. In: Tourism and Indigenous Peoples, Butler, R. and T. Hinch (Eds.). International Thomson Business Press, London, pp: 3-21. ISBN: 0415125294.

Pusiran, A. K., & Xiao, H. (2013). Challenges and Community Development: A Case Study of Homestay in Malaysia. Asian Social Science, 9(5).

Idziak, W., Majewski, J. & Zmyślony, P. (2015). Community participation in sustainable rural tourism experience creation: a long-term appraisal and lessons from a thematic villages project in Poland. Journal of Sustainable Tourism, 23(8/9), 1341-1362.

Jenkins, H., Ito, M. & Boyd, D. (2015). Participatory Culture in a Networked Era, Polity Press, Cambridge.

Kangas, J., Kurttila, M., Kajanus, M & Kangas, A. (2003). Evaluating the management strategies of a forestland estate-the S-O-S approach. Journal of Environmental Management, 69(4), 349-358.

Kalsom, K. (2002). Exploring factors influencing individual participation in community- based tourism: The case of Kampung Relau Homestay program, Malaysia. Asia Pacific Journal of Tourism Research, 7(2), 19-27. http://dx.doi.org/10/1080/10941660208722116

Kalsom, K. (2007). Customer Orientation among Rural Home Stay Operators in Malaysia. ASEAN Journal of Hospitality and Tourism, 6.

Kalsom, K. (2009). Community based tourism in developing countries. Paper presented at the International Seminar on Community Based Tourism Shah Alam, Malaysia, 4-5 August.

Kalsom, K. (2010). The nature of cultural contribution of a community-based Homestay Programme. TOURISMOS: An International Multi-disciplinary Journal of Tourism, 5(2), 145-159.

Kim, J., Yoon, Y. & Zo, H. (2015). Why people participate in the sharing economy: A social exchange perspective, PACIS 2015 Proceedings, Paper 76, 1-6.

Kim, S., Park, E. & Phandanouvong, T. (2014). Barriers to local residents’ participation in community-based tourism: Lessons from Houay Kaeng Village in Laos. SHS Web of Conferences, 12, 01045, 1-8).

Kontogeorgopoulos, N., Churyen, A., & Duangsaeng, V. (2014). Success Factors in Community-Based Tourism in Thailand: The Role of Luck, External Support, and Local Leadership. Tourism Planning & Development, 11(1), 106–124. http://doi.org/10.1080/21568316.2013.852991.

Kurttila, M., Pesonen, M., Kangas, J. & Kajanus, M. (2000). Utilizing the analytic hierarchy process (AHP) in SWOT analysis – a hybrid method and its application to a forest certification case. Forest Policy and Economics, 1(1), 41-52.

Liu, A. (2006). Tourism in rural areas: Kedah, Malaysia. Tourism Management, 27, 878-889. London: Routledge.

Liu, S. Q. & Matilla, A. S. (2017). International Journal Hospitality Management 60, 33.

Lynch, P.A. (2005). The commercial home enterprise and host: A United Kingdom perspective. Journal of Tourism Management, 24, 533-553.

Mann, M. (2000). The community tourism guide: Exciting holidays for responsible travelers. London: Earthscan.

Manyara, G. & Jones, E. (2007). Community-based tourism enterprises development in Kenya: an exploration of their potential as avenues of poverty reduction. Journal of Sustainable Tourism, 15(6), 628-644.

Marzuki, A., Hay, I. & James, J. (2012). Public participation shortcomings in tourism planning: The case of the Langkawi Islands, Malaysia. Journal of Sustainable Tourism, 20(4), 585-602.

Moscardo, G. (2011). Exploring social representations of tourism planning: Issues for governance. Journal of Sustainable Tourism, 19(4/5), 423-436.

Mountain Institute. (2000). Community Based Tourism for Conservation and Development: A Resource Kit, Washington D.C, USA.

Ibrahim Ngah, I, Preston, D., & Nor Asman. (2010). Current planning priorities in rural villages in Malaysia. Learning from the new Malaysian village action plans. Paper presented at ISDA 2010 Conference, Innovation and Sustainable Development in Agriculture and Food, Montpellier, France.

Nor Ashikin Mohd Nor & Kalsom, K. (2010). The challenges of community-based Homestay Programme in Malaysia. Proceedings of Regional Conference on Tourism Research: The State of the Art and its Sustainability, 66-73. Retrieved from http://repo.uum.edu.my/15264/

Okazaki, E. (2008). A community-based tourism model: Its conception and use. Journal of Sustainable Tourism, 16(5), 511-529.

OECD. (1994). Tourism Strategies and Rural Development. OECD, Paris. Peterson, S. L. (2004). Towards a Theoritical Model of Employee Turnover: A Human Resource Development Perspective. Human Resource Development Review, 3 (3), 209 -227.

Ramli, R., Kasim, M.M., Ramli, R., Kayat, K., Razak, R.A. (2015), Ranking the criteria for sustainability of community-based rural homestay programmes from the perspective of the operators. Proceedings of the 2nd Innovation and Analytics Conference and Exhibition IACE, 030025-1-030025-6

Ramli, R., Kasim, M. M., Kalsom, K., Razak, R. A. (2015). Ranking The Criteria For Sustainability of Community-Based Rural Homestay Programme From The Perspective of The Operators. Proceedings of the 2nd Innovation and Analytics Conference and Exhibition IACE, 030025-1-030025-6.

Richardson, K. (2004). Homestay: Opening a World of Opportunity. Conference presentation; Australian International Education Conference 5-8 October, 2004. Sydney: IDP.

Salamia, A. J., Othman, N. A. and Maheran, N. K. (2011). Tourist perceived value in a community-based Homestay visit: An investigation into the functional and experiential aspect of value. Journal of Vacation Marketing, 17 (1), 5-15.

Saunders, M., Thornhill, A. & Lewis, P. (2009). Research methods for business students, 5th Edition, London Financial Times Prentice Hall.

Sebele, L. S. (2010). Community-based tourism ventures, benefits and challenges: Khama rhino sanctuary trust, central district, Botswana. Tourism Management, 31(1), 136-146.

Seidler, J. (1974). On using informants: a technique for collecting quantitative data and controlling measurement error in organization analysis. American Sociological Review 39:816-831.

Simpson, K. (2010). Current Issues in tourism strategic planning and community involvement as contributors to sustainable tourism development strategic planning and community involvement as contributors to sustainable tourism development, 37–41.

Stone, D. A. (1989). Casual Stories and the Formation of Policy Agendas. Political Science Quarterly, 104(2), 281. http://doi.org/10.2307/2151585.

Tosun, C. (1999). Towards a typology of community participation in the tourism development process. Anatolia, 10(2), 113–134.

Tosun, C. (2000). Limits to community participation in the tourism development process in developing countries. Tourism Management, 21(6), 613–633.

Tiago, M. T. P. M. & Verissiomo, J. M. C. (2014). Digital Marketing and Social Media: Why Bother? Business Horizons, 57(6), 703-08.

Timothy, D. J. (1999). Participatory planning: A view of tourism in Indonesia. Annals of Tourism Research, 26(2), 371–391.

Tucker, H., & Lynch, P. (2005). Host-guest dating: The potential of improving the customer experience through host-guest psychographic matching. Journal of Quality Assurance in Hospitality & Tourism, 5(2-4), 11-32.

Wani, N. A., & Shafi, A. (2013). Rural Tourism: An Option For Development Of Rural Economy In Kashmir. International Journal of Innovative Research and Development, 2(6).

Wall, G. & Long, V. (1996). Balinese Homestays: An Indigenous Response to Tourism Opportunities. In: Tourism and Indigenous Peoples, Butler, R. and T. Hinch (Eds.). International Thomson Business Press, London, pp: 27-48. ISBN: 0415125294.

Viglia. (2016). The Influence of e-word-of-mouth on hotel occupancy rate. International Journal of Contemporary Hospitality Management, 28(9), 2035-2051.Contemporary Hospitality Management, Vol. 28 No. 9, pp. 2035-205 ontemporary Hospitality Management, Vol. 28 No. 9, pp. 2035-205

Wearing, S., & McDonald, M. (2002). The development of community-based tourism: Re-thinking the relationship between tour operators and development agents as intermediaries in rural and isolated area communities. Journal of Sustainable Tourism, 10(3), 191–206.

Wolcott, H. F. (1980). Ethnographic research in education. Washington, DC: American Educational Research Association

Wolcott, H. F. (1980). Ethnographic research in education. Washington, DC: American Educational Research Association

Yin,R.K., 2003, Case study research : Design and Methods, Sage Publications

Yin, R. K. (1995). Case Study Research: Design Method, Sage Publications, Thousand Oaks, California.

Zhao, X., Wang, L., Guo, X. and Law, R. (2015). The influence of online reviews to online hotel booking intentions. International Journal of Contemporary Hospitality Management, 27(6), 1343-136.

Downloads

Published

2020-11-30